<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:schema="https://schema.org/" xmlns:rdf="https://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><schema:ItemList><schema:numberOfItems>20</schema:numberOfItems><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24357/full</schema:image><schema:name>[Round-Head]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Überzeichnung eines Fotos der Messerschmidt-Büste "Ein starker Arbeiter", Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5673).</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16191/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24358/full</schema:image><schema:name>[Major Flexure Of The Mouth]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Überzeichnung eines Fotos der Messerschmidt-Büste "Die Einfalt im höchsten Grade", Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5685).</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16192/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24359/full</schema:image><schema:name>[D. R. With Square-Nose]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Überzeichnung eines Fotos der Messerschmidt-Büste "Der Trotzige", Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5676). D. R. = Dieter Roth.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16193/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24360/full</schema:image><schema:name>[New Wrinkles]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Überzeichnung eines Fotos der Messerschmidt-Büste "Ein mit Verstopfung Behafteter", Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5677).</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16194/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24361/full</schema:image><schema:name>[Stone Under The Lip]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Ab den 1950er-Jahren bearbeitet Arnulf Rainer eigene und auch fremde Werke, Selbstporträts und Fotografien mit Kohlestift, Farbe und Kugelschreiber. Diese Form der motivischen Auseinandersetzung mit einer Vorlage wird zu seinem künstlerischen Lebensthema. Die Serie der Messerschmidt-Überzeichnungen, zu der auch "Steine unter der Lippe" gehört, umfasst insgesamt 106 Arbeiten aus den Jahren 1975/76. Dabei bleibt die Vorlage – hier die Büste "Der mit Verstopfung Behaftete" (Sammlung des Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5677)) des Barockbildhauers Franz Xaver Messerschmidt – zum größten Teil sichtbar, wird aber durch kleine Akzentuierungen in ihrem Charakter verstärkt. Das Werk lässt das besondere Interesse Rainers an menschlichen Ausdrucksmöglichkeiten erkennen, die er meist als grimassenhafte Expressionen darstellt. Zustände wie Ekstase und Trance, psychische Geistesverfassung, aber auch physische Verrenkungen sind wiederkehrende Elemente in seinem künstlerischen Werk. — [Naima Wieltschnig, 5/2017]</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16195/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24362/full</schema:image><schema:name>[Profile With Double-Neck]</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975-1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Überzeichnung eines Fotos der Messerschmidt-Büste "Ein aus dem Wasser Geretteter", Belvedere, Wien (Inv.-Nr. 5681).</schema:description><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16196/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/24271/full</schema:image><schema:name>Sanftes Antlitz voller Zorn</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1975–1976</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Arnulf Rainer]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Arnulf Rainer</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Overdrawn photograph</schema:artMedium><schema:artForm>Drawing art</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/16815/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/30765/full</schema:image><schema:name>Head</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1957</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Maria Lassnig]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Maria Lassnig</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Oil on cardboard</schema:artMedium><schema:description>Die Malerin, Grafikerin und Filmemacherin Maria Lassnig gilt als eine der wichtigsten Vertreterinnen der Nachkriegsmoderne in Österreich. Der experimentelle Charakter ihres von Informel und Surrealismus beeinflussten Frühwerks lässt sich in der Arbeit Kopf, einer Komposition aus abstrakten Farbfeldern, ablesen. Der Titel verweist bereits auf das eigentliche Thema der Künstlerin: Körperliches und Körperempfinden. In Lassnigs unverwechselbarer Bildsprache und expressiver Farbgebung zeigt "Doppelselbstporträt mit Kamera" eine gleich zweifache Selbstbespiegelung. Auf der Leinwand im Bildhintergrund stellt Lassnig sich mit einer Filmkamera dar, die davor sitzende Figur zeigt ebenfalls die Künstlerin, den Kopf nachdenklich auf die Handfläche gestützt. Die Gesichtszüge verschwimmen zusehends, die Kopfform erinnert an ein Balgengerät für Fotoapparate. In Lassnigs „Körperbewusstseinsmalerei“, ihrer intensiven Auseinandersetzung vor allem mit dem eigenen Körper, treffen Fremd- und Selbstwahrnehmung aufeinander, nimmt das Innenleben Gestalt an. -- [Kerstin Krenn, in: Agnes Husslein-Arco, Severin Dünser, Luisa Ziaja (Hg.), Flirting with Strangers. Begegnungen mit Werken aus der Sammlung, Wien 2015, S. 85.]</schema:description><schema:artForm>Painting</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/23683/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65358/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 17</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Brown-flecked alabaster</schema:artMedium><schema:description>At first glance, Franz Xaver Messerschmidt’s “Character Heads” resemble the study models used in the academic art training of his day to demonstrate different facial expressions. But these busts, made from high-quality materials such as alabaster and metal, are works of art in their own right, created by the sculptor on his own initiative beginning in the 1770s. In them, he presents a wide range of human expressions, some of which are less than flattering, as in this head, with its eyes wide open and brow deeply furrowed. Messerschmidt’s faces, pushed to extremes, are anything but academic and, with their unusual humor, perhaps challenge the severity of neoclassical ideals.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/4260/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65366/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 35</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Alabaster, brown-flecked stone</schema:artMedium><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/4388/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65368/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 6</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1781</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Alabaster, mottled brownish stone</schema:artMedium><schema:description>



Some of Franz Xaver Messerschmidt’s “Character Heads” appear realistic and evoke familiar emotions. Others are clearly distorted, even grotesquely contorted. The most radical case is this head: the lower part of the face has been shaped into something like a pointed beak. The work is made of alabaster, a gypsum stone similar to marble that can be carved with great precision and easily polished.



It is still unclear what motivated Messerschmidt to create these objects, so unusual for their time. Their fascination, however, is beyond doubt. Artists have repeatedly found in them a source of inspiration for their own work.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/4389/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65344/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 32</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783 (?)</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>White, brown-flecked alabaster</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
Franz Xaver Messerschmidt’s posthumous popularity rests largely on his “Character Heads,” known for their extremely distorted facial features. Alongside these, however, is a group of busts whose expressions appear calm and composed, aligning them more closely with the classicizing portraiture of the period. The present alabaster work belongs to this group: it depicts a man with largely relaxed features. Only the eyebrows are drawn together, suggesting a concentrated gaze, though it remains unclear where it is directed.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/8083/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65347/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 37</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Light-gray flecked alabaster</schema:artMedium><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/8084/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65352/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 33</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Tin alloy (79.9% tin, 18.8% lead)</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
In this portrait bust, with the head is pressed against the chest, the eyes narrowed, the nose wrinkled, and the lips clenched, Franz Xaver Messerschmidt seems to seek an appropriate expression for intense inner states. It is one of three busts that the Viennese auction house Albert Kende acquired for the Belvedere in 1923 and 1927, thereby expanding the collection’s holdings of “Character Heads” cast in metal alloys. Messerschmidt primarily used tin and lead in varying proportions; here, for instance, 79.9 percent tin and 18.8 percent lead.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/8242/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/56258/full</schema:image><schema:name>The Strong Odor</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Lead cast</schema:artMedium><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/19889/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/56260/full</schema:image><schema:name>The Sneeze-Inducing Odor</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1777/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Lead cast</schema:artMedium><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/19900/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65356/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 10</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1775/1777</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Tin cast (99.0% tin)</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
Forehead furrowed, eyebrows drawn together, eyes wide open, their pupils blank: in this bust made of almost pure tin, Franz Xaver Messerschmidt renders extreme expressions of the human face with great skill, yet it remains unclear what he intended to convey. The “Character Heads,” a series he developed without a formal commission, have inspired countless interpretations, and the busts have often been given misleading titles. Some readings even attempt to draw speculative conclusions about the sculptor’s life and personality from the works themselves. Messerschmidt may have conceived this series in response to the idealized neoclassical portraits of the era, which avoided any kind of exaggerated expression.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/1995/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65362/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 25</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1771/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Alabaster, grey white stone with brownish spots</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
First published in 1793, "The Peculiar Life History of F. X. Messerschmidt", describes this bust as “Ein Erhängter” (A hanged man). Despite the rope around his neck, the figure depicted seems far from lifeless. Messerschmidt may be alluding to the controversial methods of his contemporary, Franz Anton Mesmer, a physician and healer who was personally acquainted with the sculptor. In Paris, Mesmer treated patients with “nervous disorders” using so-called baquets—wooden tubs filled with “magnetized water” from which iron rods and ropes protruded. Patients applied these to specific parts of the body to relieve their symptoms. Messerschmidt may have learned of such treatments in Pressburg/Bratislava through printed accounts.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/4386/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/65364/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 15</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1771/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Alabaster, mottled brownish-grey stone</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
With its squinted eyes, scrunched-up nose, and tightly pressed lips, this head resembles other works in the “Character Heads” series. Unlike the bald “Character Head” No. 25 (inv. no. 5637), however, this figure has thick, curly hair. A closer look at the forehead suggests that this may in fact be a wig, with the figure’s own hair peeking out beneath it. Although Messerschmidt likely based the works he called “headpieces” on his own facial features, they should not be understood as self-portraits.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/4387/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement><schema:itemListElement><schema:VisualArtwork><schema:image>/internal/media/dispatcher/118276/full</schema:image><schema:name>"Character Head" No. 34</schema:name><schema:dateCreated>1770/1783</schema:dateCreated><schema:creator>[Franz Xaver Messerschmidt]</schema:creator><schema:creator>Franz Xaver Messerschmidt</schema:creator><schema:artMedium>Lead alloy (58.8% lead, 40.4% tin)</schema:artMedium><schema:description>
This bust represents the first of Franz Xaver Messerschmidt’s so-called “Character Heads” to enter the Belvedere’s collection, in 1915. Although the series—numbering at least fifty-five works in various metal alloys and alabaster—is now commonly known by this title, the designation has been in use only since 1805. Messerschmidt himself referred to them simply as “Kopfstücke” (head pieces). Across the series, the sculptor explores a wide range of facial expressions and grimaces, likely based on his own features.

Several of the busts push these expressions to extremes, including the present example, with its tightly squinting eyes and firmly pressed lips.</schema:description><schema:artForm>Sculpture</schema:artForm><schema:url>https://sammlungtest.belvedere.at/objects/792/rdf</schema:url></schema:VisualArtwork></schema:itemListElement></schema:ItemList></rdf:RDF>